Nicholas Humphrey discusses consciousness and performance in the San Francisco Chronicle

Nicholas Humphrey, author of Soul Dust: The Magic of Consciousness, spoke to journalist Kenneth Baker about his original view on consciousness: Humphrey claims that vivid consciousness makes us happy to be alive. This perspective is a result of Humphrey’s specific approach to the “consciousness problem”:

I’ve tried to understand the function of consciousness. Let’s not think about it as a cognitive skill but as a kind of theater, something we lay on in our own heads about who we are and the world in which we’re living. Let’s ask how does consciousness as we experience it affect people’s attitudes toward life… I say that consciousness is a performance we put on, and philosophers who have disparaged the so-called Cartesian theater of the mind have misunderstood the nature of theater. I think the world we make is in no way a simulacrum of the world.

Humphrey also explains the role of natural selection in human consciousness, arguing that vivid consciousness must have effects that lead to reproductive success, but that these effects cannot necessarily be “seen” or quantified:

Conscious awareness gives animals a pleasure in affirming their existence in ways that are life-enhancing. In getting more out of it, you prolong your life. You engage with the world, fall in love with it. The great success of our species has been that creative relation with the world that we have produced from out of our own consciousness. We find the world engaging partly because it’s singing our song, because its qualities are those we’ve imbued it with. In humans, what really changed is that we began to engage in reflection.

Read the rest of the article, including Humphrey’s views on suffering, here: http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2011/09/16/RVA71KMU2Q.DTL#ixzz1Zk5UgnIn

Video Series–Daniel Hamermesh explains why “Beauty Pays”

Beauty and Happiness

Daniel Hamermesh, UT Economist and author of Beauty Pays, created a series of five videos describing his research. This first is on the relationship between beauty and Happiness–check back for more on the PUP blog!

Who tops the list of famous intellectual feuds?

According to this web site, Jung and Freud are tops when it comes to academic fist-fights:

Probably one of the most famous rivalries in all of “Western” philosophy and science, Sigmund Freud started out as one of Carl Jung’s most beloved mentors before their close relationship soured. Now considered psychoanalysis’ two daddies, the intellectual juggernauts split mainly because of one massive disagreement — specifically, regarding the human unconscious. Jung didn’t believe his veritable Mr. Miyagi of all things psychological took it seriously enough. Their theories about suppressed and repressed thoughts and emotions lurking in the unconscious existed in harmony, but once Jung proposed the collective unconscious, everything began unraveling. His mentor proposed a structure involving some degree of collectivism, of course, though Jung considered it far bigger and more significant. Freud, on the other hand, saw the unconscious as a supplement to the overall psyche rather than its own unique, influential entity.

Which is good news for PUP as we will publish a new paperback titled Jung Contra Freud: The 1912 New York Lectures on the Theory of Psychoanalysis in December. These lectures, give in the autumn of 1912 are the pivotal moment that ignited this famous feud. This is where C. G. Jung set out his critique and reformulation of the theory of psychoanalysis. He challenged Freud’s understandings of sexuality, the origins of neuroses, dream interpretation, and the unconscious, and also became the first to argue that every analyst should themselves be analyzed.

While some parts of this material have previously appeared in Jung collections, the lectures in their entirety have never before been published as a separate volume. And as if that wasn’t enough, the book also features an introduction by Sonu Shamdasani, Philemon Professor of Jung History at University College London, and editor of Jung’s Red Book.

Now, back to feuding academics — what other feuds make the grade? coming in at number two are Nikolas Tesla and Thomas Edison, while C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien nab the number three spot. Click over to read the complete list of these juicy academic spats.

BOOK FACT FRIDAY

FACT: Among the slaughtered remains found in the Drakensberg Mountains is a now-extinct giant buffalo Pelovoris antiquus, which weighed almost 2000 kilograms and whose modern-day (smaller) descendant is one of the most dangerous game animals in Africa (Milo1998).

A Cooperative Species:
Human Reciprocity and Its Evolution

by Samuel Bowles & Herbert Gintis

In A Cooperative Species, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis—pioneers in the new experimental and evolutionary science of human behavior—show that the central issue is not why selfish people act generously, but instead how genetic and cultural evolution has produced a species in which substantial numbers make sacrifices to uphold ethical norms and to help even total strangers.

Using experimental, archaeological, genetic, and ethnographic data to calibrate models of the coevolution of genes and culture as well as prehistoric warfare and other forms of group competition, A Cooperative Species provides a compelling and novel account of how humans came to be moral and cooperative.

“Bowles and Gintis stress that cooperation among individuals who are only distantly related is a critical distinguishing feature of the human species. They argue forcefully that the best explanation for such cooperation is altruism. Many will dispute this claim, but it deserves serious consideration.”—Eric Maskin, Nobel Laureate in Economics

We invite you to read Chapter 1 here: http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s9474.pdf

This Week’s Book Giveaway

When confronted with an ethical dilemma, most of us like to think we would
stand up for our principles. But we are not as ethical as we think we are. This week’s book giveaway, Blind Spots: Why We Fail to Do What’s Right and What to Do about It by Max H. Bazerman & Ann E. Tenbrunsel, examines the ways we overestimate our ability to do what is right and how we act unethically without meaning to. From the collapse of Enron and corruption in the tobacco industry, to sales of the defective Ford Pinto and the downfall of Bernard Madoff, the authors investigate the nature of ethical failures in the business world and beyond, and illustrate how we can become more ethical, bridging the gap between who we are and who we want to be.

“When we think of unethical behavior, the images that often come to mind are those of robbers, thieves, the executives at Enron, or Bernie Madoff. Blind Spots is not just about these criminals, but about a much larger problem—the dishonest actions that we all take while still thinking of ourselves as wonderfully moral people. In this important book, Bazerman and Tenbrunsel show us how we fail to see our own immoral actions in an objective light, and the trouble that this biased view gets us into.”—Dan Ariely, author of Predictably Irrational

The random draw for this book with be Friday 6/24 at 11 am EST. Be sure to “Like” us on Facebook if you haven’t already to be entered to win!

Psychologist Nicholas Humphrey discusses the purpose of consciousness on Wisconsin Public Radio

Our author and psychologist Nicholas Humphrey explored the purpose and meaning of consciousness in his new book SOUL DUST: The Magic of Consciousness on Wisconsin Public Radio’s terrific show Veronica Rueckert Show last Friday, May 13.  They explore how consciousness is possible, what biological purpose it serves,  And why we value it so highly in this absorbing interview.

TV Ontario’s Steve Paikin Interviews Patricia Churchland on Neuromorality

You can watch this video on the TV Ontario web site for The Agenda with Steve Paikin here: http://www.tvo.org/TVO/WebObjects/TVO.woa?videoid?918414807001

Learn more about Dr. Churchland’s book Braintrust and read a sample chapter here: http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s9399.pdf

Robert Kurzban’s Northwest Tour

We’re all hypocrites. Why? Hypocrisy is the natural state of the human mind. In his new book, Why Everyone (Else) is a Hypocrite, Robert Kurzban shows us that the key to understanding our behavioral inconsistencies lies in understanding the mind’s design. Don’t miss your chance to see Professor Kurzban at these two upcoming events, where he will explain to you the roots and implications of our inconsistent minds, and why it is perfectly natural to believe that everyone else is a hypocrite.

Date: Tomorrow, Thursday, March 31.

Time: 7:00 p.m.

Where: Town Hall Seattle, 1119 Eighth Avenue, Seattle, WA.

More Info: Here.

Date: Monday, April 4, 2011.

Time: 7:00 p.m.

Where: Bagdad Theater & Pub, 3702 SE Hawthorne Blvd, Portland, OR.

More Info: Here.

Be sure to check out the official Facebook Page of Why Everyone (Else) is a Hypocrite for updates on all events and book news.

Robert Kurzban on The Invisible Hand podcast

The Invisible Hand speaks with Robert Kurzban, author of Why Everyone (Else) Is a Hypocrite in this podcast. Click over and have a listen.

The Invisible Hand is one of the best podcast shows available online for in-depth interviews with smart people. It is a lot of fun to dip into their archives. For example, I see they recently spoke with Elizabeth Currid, a former PUP author, about her new book Starstruck.

Robert Kurzban, author of Why Everyone Else is Hypocrite @ Bagdad Theater

Date/Time: Monday April 4, 2011 – 7:00 p.m.
Location: Bagdad Theater
3702 SE Hawthorne Blvd.
Portland, Oregon

Do I contradict myself?
Very well, I contradict myself,
(I am large, I contain multitudes.)

Walt Whitman, Song of Myself (Section 52).

As human beings, we tend to be (in agreement with Kurzban and Whitman himself ),  great contradictory beings. We’re capable of inconsistency, falsity and irreverence. We’re all hypocrites. Why? Hypocrisy is the natural state of the human mind. Robert Kurzban, author of Why Everyone (Else) is a Hypocrite will be presenting on the reasons why this is so.

Robert Kurzban is an associate professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. He received his PhD from the Center for Evolutionary Psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and did postdoctoral work in economics and anthropology. In 2008, he won the inaugural Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution from the Human Behavior and Evolution Society.

Most Science Pubs fill quickly, so come early for food, drink, and to get a seat!
No RSVP or tickets required.
Doors open at 5:00pm.
Science Pub is open to ages 21+, or minor with adult.

For more information on the event, click here.

U. Penn features Robert Kurzban’s recent Knowledge by the Slice lecture

“No one likes a hypocrite, or so the saying goes. But in a world driven more and more by technology like social networking, hypocrisy has never been so glaring. It has become part of pop culture to expose self-contradiction, with cable news networks and programs like The Daily Show placing contradictory political remarks side-by-side on a nightly basis, pointing out instances of hypocrisy to great effect. What if there was a scientific explanation? In a recent School of Arts and Sciences Knowledge by the Slice lecture series appearance, Robert Kurzban, Associate Professor of Psychology, discussed his most recent book, Why Everyone (Else) Is a Hypocrite: Evolution and the Modular Mind. Using biology as a stepping stone, the book applies evolutionary insights to human behavior, arguing that the mind does not function as a single unit, but instead a collection of adaptations—modules—customized to take over when a given situation arises.”

Click over to U. Penn’s web site to read the complete article, or click here to watch a video of Kurzban’s talk.

Office Hours interviews Francesco Duina about an American obsession–Winning

The language of winning is so ingrained in the culture that we Americans don’t even notice it. Does all this competition make us happier? Of course not. Listen along as Francesco Duina, author of Winning: Reflections on an American Obsession, joins David Phillippi on the Office Hours podcast. Their lively discussion touches on subjects from popular culture ranging from sports to children to celebrities, including why it makes sense for Budweiser to crown itself “The King of Beers” while the Danish brand Carlsberg is happier to be “Probably the Best Beer in the World.”